Computer Network

A computer network is an interconnection between general purposes programmable

Devices that deals with the handling of data. It is a group of two or more computers which are connected to each other electronically. Hence they can speak to each other and can send or receive information from other computers. There are different types of computer networks which are:

1) LAN( Local area network)- Through this we can connect two or more computers and can call it as a corporate network which is in a office or business setting.

2) WAN(Wide area network)- This is also called an internet network because it connects two or more smaller networks together. The largest internetwork at present is the internet. As there is the wide distance between the networks it is called Wide area network.

As we all know computers can be a part of several different networks and networks can be a part of bigger networks. Now LAN in a small business is connected to the corporate network of the bigger company. Any machine at any level of the company can access the internet.

All the operating systems (Microsoft windows, Linux, Apple Macintosh) at present use TCP/IP for networking

In order to set up a network we need an appropriate media which can be a wired or wireless. To setup the network we can use twisted pair, co-axial or fiber-optic cables to do the networking in wired network, and infra-red blue-tooth, radio-wave, micro-wave etc can be used in the wireless network. If you are working on the wide range of network we have to use some additional devices such as bridges, gateway or router to connect different small or large networks. And thus protocol has to be maintained.

Now to set up a network we have to select an appropriate topology to arrange the hardware devices using the already selected media. The different kinds of topologies are:

1)     Bus topology

2)     Ring topology

3)     Star topology

4)     Tree topology

5)     Object oriented topology

The star-topology and tree-topology are the most popular topologies which are being used now a days.

 

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Solutions for Computer Network

Computer Network

A computer network is an interconnected group of computers. The networks may be classified according to the network layer at which they function depending upon the fundamental reference models. The reference models may vary from industry to industry, just like the five-layer Internet Protocol Suite model. Computer Networks are classified on the basis of different factors like scale, connection method, network relationships and protocol.

The common types of computer networks are:

• Personal Area Network (PAN)
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Campus Area Network (CAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Global Area Network (GAN)
• Internet work – intranet, extranet and internet

Importance of Computer Network Solutions in Organizations:

With the boom of technology and e-commerce, most of the small and large businesses today are determined by the use of internet. The Internet and the control that it has on e-commerce and business has in more than one ways become the great equalizer of small business and the larger corporate giants.

In the case of small business, it is very important to keep their computer network solutions so as to keep working properly and efficiently. A whole package of computer networking solutions complete with regular maintenance, regular updates, upgrades and support can help an organization guarantee that its investment is well protected and that it can carry on and thrive online.

Some of the important computer network solutions and services that can help your organization run effortlessly and efficiently:

• Updating and upgrading the software – This helps in ensuring the durability and integrity of the online portion of your business. By installing regular software updates, you can ensure that you have the latest, safest and most efficient software for your organization’s needs.

• Maintenance of the systems using computer network support – It is advisable to find a reliable technician in your area whom you can call in to save precious time in the event of an sudden technical problem.

• Routine maintenance – it helps in protecting your computers and networks from viruses and spy ware. Installing an efficient virus protection software program in your system can ensure the durability of your computer network by helping to keep it free from dangerous viruses that can threaten your information and software. Moreover the spy ware prevention software can also help keep unnecessary hackers out of your systems to ensure that your sensitive information is kept secure.

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Maintenance of Computer Network

Sometimes, several types of problems may occur in computer networks. It is impossible for everyone to call up a network administrator every time to fix up those problems. So there are some basic steps by which we can troubleshoot those problems sitting at our homes only. Networks cannot work properly if any problem occurs in that network. They might become slow or even might not function at all.

Tips for computer network maintenance and things to be kept in mind are discussed in the following points.

• Network Problems
• DNS Problems
• Disc Maintenance

• Network Problems

There are some common problems which may occur in the computer networks sometimes, like being unable to clear DNS cache, being unable to renew the IP addresses, operation being performed on something, which is not a socket, being unable to clear ARP cache, etc. The common solution for all the problems is to check first that the computer is connected to the network or not.

• DNS Problems

To solve the first problem that is being unable to clear the DNS cache, some steps should be followed. This error means that the DNS client service is disabled. First of all, the services MMC plug-in have to be opened, which is located under the administrative tools. DNS client service should be opened, and then has to be entered into its properties by right clicking it and then start up type need to be changed to manual or automatic status from disabled status. After that the service should be started. If the message box shows some error message like “unable to obtain an IP address” then an IP should be got from the command box by typing ‘ipconfig/renew’. That IP address should be kept for future references. To maintain the network, the modem should be reset sometime. The Reset button is usually located in the backside of modem.

• Disc Maintenance

Disc defragment work should be done sometimes for rearranging and in order to organize files in the computer. Disk clean up should be done in a gap of a certain time period in order to clean up the drive. Temporary files should be deleted to keep the speed fast of the computer. It should be kept in mind that no virus is affecting the computer. If any virus occurs the computer should be scanned using well antivirus. If one computer cannot see the other computers in the same network or any computer cannot access the internet connection properly then it is obviously because of malfunctioning or faulty cables. So the cables should be inspected all the time.

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How to fix computer network based security systems

Small and medium-sized businesses use the Internet and networked applications to get in touch with new customers and serve their existing ones more efficiently. on the same time, new security threats and legislation puts better pressure on business networks to be consistent and secure. Our technician delivers comprehensive, affordable, integrated security solutions help to ensure business continuity, maintain customer privacy, and reduce operating costs.
According to recent survey, security is the largest challenge facing. Ever-changing security threats from both inside and outside the network can cause confusion, affecting profitability and customer satisfaction.Computer worms and viruses stay the most common security threat. Worms and viruses can have a destructive effect. Smarter, more critical strains are spreading faster than ever, infecting an entire computer in seconds. Crack down the infected computers takes much longer. The tragic results are lost orders, corrupted databases, and angry consumers. As consumer struggle to bring up to date their computers with the latest operating system patches and antivirus software, new viruses can go through their defenses any day of the week. in the meantime, the spread of viruses and spyware by unsuspectingly accessing malicious Websites, downloading untrustworthy material, or opening malicious e-mail attachments. These attacks are accidentally invited into the computer, but still cause major financial losses. Security systems must detect and prevent worms, viruses, and spyware at all points in the network.Malicious hackers break into networks to steal credit card or social security numbers for profit. People are at risk because they are seen as an easier mark than huge corporations. Protecting the perimeter of the network is a excellent start, but it isn’t enough, since a lot of information thefts have help from a trusted insider. Information theft can be expensive since they rely on satisfied customers and a good reputation. People that don’t sufficiently protect their information could face harm.

There are few steps which are of huge significance keeping security of network in mind.
bigger computer networks should be divided into segments for managing of the network and easiness in finding culprit systems. Internet access should be clean by blocking port1433 and port 1434 or one can use various firewall software to execute such type of filters. All unnecessary or not required ports should be blocked for any chance of being misused; only necessary communication ports should be unlock to data transfer.
Keep nearer look on open ports, Port 80 is the most regularly used port for http access.       Network administrator should make sure to keep all the systems with server updated operating system files and latest patch. These dangerous updates and patch keep the system safe from vulnerabilities. at any time updates are free clients machines download and install them and secure them to the greatest level, same should be done for server operating system but keep nearer look in updating server OS. Third party security tools are also obtainable and can be installed after testing for meeting enhanced security measures.
Several times having a restricted Network administrators can help in keeping network safe as the less people manage the network less is the chances for security malfunctioning, it is also essential to not give any local client computer admin rights. Older known threats can attack another time, it should be kept in mind to keep computer network secure from newest ones should also be secured from older know attacks. Windows known services Telnet, Clipbook must not be disable, they have certain job to perform, do not disable any default service till the time you are sure about it and you also know that what are you doing. Creating, configuring and implementing security policies can be useful in keeping network secure. Keeping network users educated on these policies and making sure to send notice to all the clients if any updates are made in these policies. All these security actions are useful and come with prices. We should also frequently update network users for newest threats and what should and should not be done for keeping things smooth and secure. We must also help networks users to assist in unnecessary emails which can be dangerous to network.

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